UltraStar: A Lightweight Simulator of Ultra

The mega-constellation network has gained significant attention recently due to its great potential in providing ubiquitous and high-capacity connectivity in sixth-generation (6G) wireless communication systems. However, the high dynamics of network topology and large scale of mega-constellation pose new challenges to the constellation simulation and performance evaluation. In this paper, we introduce UltraStar, a lightweight network simulator, which aims to facilitate the complicated simulation for the emerging mega-constellation of unprecedented scale. Particularly, a systematic and extensible architecture is proposed, where the joint requirement for network simulation, quantitative evaluation, data statistics and visualization is fully considered. For characterizing the network, we make lightweight abstractions of physical entities and models, which contain basic representatives of networking nodes, structures and protocol stacks. Then, to consider the high dynamics of Walker constellations, we give a two-stage topology maintenance method for constellation initialization and orbit prediction. Further, based on the discrete event simulation (DES) theory, a new set of discrete events is specifically designed for basic network processes, so as to maintain network state changes over time. Finally, taking the first-generation Starlink of 11 927 low earth orbit (LEO) satellites as an example, we use UltraStar to fully evaluate its network performance for different deployment stages, such as characteristics of constellation topology, performance of end-to-end service and effects of network-wide traffic interaction. The simulation results not only demonstrate its superior performance, but also verify the effectiveness of UltraStar.

中文翻译：

UltraStar：6G 超密集 LEO 卫星星座网络的轻量级模拟器

巨型星座网络因其在第六代（6G）无线通信系统中提供无处不在的高容量连接方面的巨大潜力而​​受到广泛关注。然而，网络拓扑的高动态性和巨型星座的大规模化给星座仿真和性能评估带来了新的挑战。在本文中，我们介绍了UltraStar，一种轻量级网络模拟器，旨在促进对前所未有的规模的新兴巨型星座的复杂模拟。特别是，提出了一种系统的、可扩展的架构，充分考虑了网络仿真、定量评估、数据统计和可视化的共同需求。为了表征网络，我们对物理实体和模型进行了轻量级抽象，其中包含网络节点、结构和协议栈的基本代表。然后，考虑到 Walker 星座的高动态性，我们给出了一种用于星座初始化和轨道预测的两阶段拓扑维护方法。进一步，基于离散事件模拟（DES）理论，专门针对基本网络过程设计了一组新的离散事件，以维持网络状态随时间的变化。最后，以11 927颗低地球轨道（LEO）卫星组成的第一代Starlink为例，利用UltraStar全面评估其在不同部署阶段的网络性能，如星座拓扑特征、端到端性能等。全网流量交互的服务和效果。仿真结果不仅展示了其优越的性能，也验证了UltraStar的有效性。

网址：UltraStar: A Lightweight Simulator of Ultra http://www.mxgxt.com/news/view/1231019

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